Aportaciones de la medicina forense en la mejora del conocimiento del suicidio / Contribution of forensic medicine to the improvement of knowledge of suicide

El suicidio constituye un importante problema de salud pública. La mortalidad por suicidio, la calidad de las estadísticas y su validez son un elemento crucial en su monitorización y prevención. En este artículo pretendemos realizar una actualización de las aportaciones de la medicina forense a la conducta suicida, destacando la importancia de las fuentes forenses en el conocimiento de los factores de riesgo así como la participación de Institutos de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses en programas de prevención del suicidio. Hemos querido señalar las distintas colaboraciones del Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses con especialistas del ámbito de la psiquiatría y también de la salud pública que han permitido desarrollar un modelo integrativo de investigación de la conducta suicida dirigidas a conocer con precisión los datos relativos a las muertes por suicidio, estandarizar la investigación en suicidio y elaborar estrategias de prevención suicida efectivas frente a una causa de mortalidad prevenible

Suicide is an important public health problem. Suicide mortality, and the quality and reliability of suicide statistics are key points in monitoring and preventing suicidal behaviours. The objective of this paper is to review the contribution of forensic medicine to suicidal behaviour, to underline the importance of forensic sources to investigate risk factors, and to highlight the role of Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences in suicide prevention programmes. We describe the collaboration between Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences and specialists in the fields of psychiatry and public health. This collaborative work has facilitated the development of an integrative model in the investigation of suicidal behaviour allowing more precise suicide mortality data, the standardisation of research on suicide, and the development of suicide prevention strategies to reduce a preventable cause of death

Conducta incendiaria y psiquiatría forense / Arson and forensic psychiatry

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Impacto beneficioso de la incorporación de las fuentes forenses a las estadísticas de mortalidad / Beneficial impact of forensic sources to cause-of-deaths statistics

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La psiquiatría y el nuevo baremo de tráfico / Psychiatry and the new compensation scale for motor vehicle accidents

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Autopsia judicial y autopsia clínica / Forensic autopsy and clinical autopsy

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[Differences between immediate and 30-day deaths due to traffic injuries according to forensic sources]. / Diferencias entre fallecimientos inmediatos y a 30 días por lesiones por tráfico según fuentes forenses.

OBJECTIVE: To study immediate (same day of the collision) and delayed (within 30 days of the collision) deaths due to traffic injuries in Catalonia (Spain) according to forensic sources and to assess the differences between the two kinds of deaths. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational study was conducted of all the traffic accident deaths registered in the Institute of Legal Medicine of Catalonia between January 1(st) 2005 and December 31(st) 2014. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS v.18.0 statistical package. Comparisons of proportions were based on the χ(2) test. RESULTS: During the study period, 4044 deaths due to traffic injuries were recorded. Deaths within 30 days included more women, minors, elderly people, and pedestrians than immediate deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Traffic injury deaths in the 30 days following a crash differ from immediate deaths.

Diferencias entre fallecimientos inmediatos y a 30 días por lesiones por tráfico según fuentes forenses / Differences between immediate and 30-day deaths due to traffic injuries according to forensic sources

Objetivo: Conocer las diferencias entre los fallecidos por lesiones por tráfico el mismo día de la colisión y a 30 días en Cataluña a partir de fuentes forenses. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional de los datos de fallecidos por tráfico procedentes del Institut de Medicina Legal de Catalunya entre el 1 de enero de 2005 y el 31 de diciembre de 2014. Los datos se analizaron con el paquete estadístico SPSS v.18.0. Las comparaciones de proporciones se realizaron mediante la prueba de χ2. Resultados: Durante el período de estudio se registraron 4044 defunciones por lesiones por tráfico. Los fallecidos a 30 días fueron el 14,7% del total e incluyeron más mujeres, menores, personas ancianas y peatones que los inmediatos. Conclusiones: Los fallecidos por lesiones en los 30 días siguientes a una colisión tienen un perfil diferente a los fallecidos en el mismo día de la colisión (AU)

Objective: To study immediate (same day of the collision) and delayed (within 30 days of the collision) deaths due to traffic injuries in Catalonia (Spain) according to forensic sources and to assess the differences between the two kinds of deaths. Material and methods: An observational study was conducted of all the traffic accident deaths registered in the Institute of Legal Medicine of Catalonia between January 1st 2005 and December 31st 2014. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS v.18.0 statistical package. Comparisons of proportions were based on the χ2 test. Results: During the study period, 4044 deaths due to traffic injuries were recorded. Deaths within 30 days included more women, minors, elderly people, and pedestrians than immediate deaths. Conclusions: Traffic injury deaths in the 30 days following a crash differ from immediate deaths (AU)

Suicidios y fuentes médico-forenses en España / Suicides and forensic pathology sources in Spain

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Réplica a «Delito facilitado por sustancias vs. sumisión química, aspectos legales» / Reply to "Drug-facilitated crime vs. chemical submission, legal aspects"

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[Social and health impact of Institutes of Legal Medicine in Spain: beyond justice]. / La proyección social y sanitaria de los Institutos de Medicina Legal en España: más allá de la justicia.

The main mission of Spanish Institutes of Legal Medicine (ILMs) is to serve the justice system. We review the potential broader role of the work done by ILMs, with an emphasis on forensic pathology. The relevance of forensic information to increase the quality of mortality statistics is highlighted, taking into account the persistence of the low validity of the external causes of death in the Mortality Register that was already detected more than a decade ago. The new statistical form and reporting system for the deaths under ILMs jurisdiction, as introduced by the Spanish Instituto Nacional de Estadística in 2009, are also described. The IMLs role in the investigation of the following mortality causes and of their determinants is reviewed in detail: traffic accidents, suicide, drugs of abuse, child deaths and sudden deaths. We conclude that an important public role of IMLs is emerging beyond their valuable service to the justice system, mainly through the gathering of data critical to assess and prevent several medical and public health and safety issues of great social impact and through their participation in epidemiologic research and surveillance.

La proyección social y sanitaria de los Institutos de Medicina Legal en España: más allá de la justicia / Social and health impact of Institutes of Legal Medicine in Spain: beyond justice

Los Institutos de Medicina Legal (IML) en España tienen como misión principal auxiliar a la administración de justicia. La presente revisión analiza la potencialidad de la información de los IML centrada en el campo de la patología forense. Se destaca la importancia de dicha información para mejorar la validez de las estadísticas de mortalidad en las defunciones con intervención judicial, especialmente la persistencia de la escasa validez de estas, ya detectada hace más de una década. Se describe también el documento estadístico y el sistema de declaración de las defunciones con intervención judicial introducidos en 2009 por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística. Se profundiza en el papel de los IML en el conocimiento de la mortalidad y algunos determinantes de ciertas causas de muerte: las debidas a lesiones por tráfico, suicidio, por reacción aguda a drogas de abuso, así como las muertes infantiles y la muerte súbita. Se concluye que la relevancia social y sanitaria de los IML se proyecta más allá de su valioso auxilio a la justicia, ya que brinda un gran servicio a la sociedad y aporta información indispensable para el conocimiento y abordaje de problemas de salud pública relativos a cuestiones de gran impacto social y sanitario (AU)

The main mission of Spanish Institutes of Legal Medicine (ILMs) is to serve the justice system. We review the potential broader role of the work done by ILMs, with an emphasis on forensic pathology. The relevance of forensic information to increase the quality of mortality statistics is highlighted, taking into account the persistence of the low validity of the external causes of death in the Mortality Register that was already detected more than a decade ago. The new statistical form and reporting system for the deaths under ILMs jurisdiction, as introduced by the Spanish Instituto Nacional de Estadística in 2009, are also described. The IMLs role in the investigation of the following mortality causes and of their determinants is reviewed in detail: traffic accidents, suicide, drugs of abuse, child deaths and sudden deaths. We conclude that an important public role of IMLs is emerging beyond their valuable service to the justice system, mainly through the gathering of data critical to assess and prevent several medical and public health and safety issues of great social impact and through their participation in epidemiologic research and surveillance (AU)

Consideraciones sobre la emisión del certificado médico de defunción / Considerations on issuing death certificates

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